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Compare Ecuador (2006) - Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of (2001)

Compare Ecuador (2006) z Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of (2001)

 Ecuador (2006)Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of (2001)
 EcuadorMacedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Administrative divisions 22 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Azuay, Bolivar, Canar, Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Esmeraldas, Galapagos, Guayas, Imbabura, Loja, Los Rios, Manabi, Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Pichincha, Sucumbios, Tungurahua, Zamora-Chinchipe 123 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Aracinovo, Bac, Belcista, Berovo, Bistrica, Bitola, Blatec, Bogdanci, Bogomila, Bogovinje, Bosilovo, Brvenica, Cair (Skopje), Capari, Caska, Cegrane, Centar (Skopje), Centar Zupa, Cesinovo, Cucer-Sandevo, Debar, Delcevo, Delogozdi, Demir Hisar, Demir Kapija, Dobrusevo, Dolna Banjica, Dolneni, Dorce Petrov (Skopje), Drugovo, Dzepciste, Gazi Baba (Skopje), Gevgelija, Gostivar, Gradsko, Ilinden, Izvor, Jegunovce, Kamenjane, Karbinci, Karpos (Skopje), Kavadarci, Kicevo, Kisela Voda (Skopje), Klecevce, Kocani, Konce, Kondovo, Konopiste, Kosel, Kratovo, Kriva Palanka, Krivogastani, Krusevo, Kuklis, Kukurecani, Kumanovo, Labunista, Lipkovo, Lozovo, Lukovo, Makedonska Kamenica, Makedonski Brod, Mavrovi Anovi, Meseista, Miravci, Mogila, Murtino, Negotino, Negotino-Poloska, Novaci, Novo Selo, Oblesevo, Ohrid, Orasac, Orizari, Oslomej, Pehcevo, Petrovec, Plasnia, Podares, Prilep, Probistip, Radovis, Rankovce, Resen, Rosoman, Rostusa, Samokov, Saraj, Sipkovica, Sopiste, Sopotnika, Srbinovo, Star Dojran, Staravina, Staro Nagoricane, Stip, Struga, Strumica, Studenicani, Suto Orizari (Skopje), Sveti Nikole, Tearce, Tetovo, Topolcani, Valandovo, Vasilevo, Velesta, Veles, Vevcani, Vinica, Vitoliste, Vranestica, Vrapciste, Vratnica, Vrutok, Zajas, Zelenikovo, Zileno, Zitose, Zletovo, Zrnovci

note:
the seven municipalities followed by Skopje in parentheses collectively constitute "greater Skopje"
Age structure 0-14 years: 33% (male 2,281,499/female 2,195,551)


15-64 years: 61.9% (male 4,178,653/female 4,210,766)


65 years and over: 5% (male 319,719/female 361,322) (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
22.92% (male 243,715; female 225,349)

15-64 years:
66.94% (male 688,484; female 681,225)

65 years and over:
10.14% (male 92,043; female 115,393) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, coffee, cocoa, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca), plantains, sugarcane; cattle, sheep, pigs, beef, pork, dairy products; balsa wood; fish, shrimp rice, tobacco, wheat, corn, millet, cotton, sesame, mulberry leaves, citrus, vegetables; beef, pork, poultry, mutton
Airports 359 (2006) 16 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 98


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 19


914 to 1,523 m: 29


under 914 m: 43 (2006)
total:
10

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

under 914 m:
8 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 261


914 to 1,523 m: 33


under 914 m: 228 (2006)
total:
6

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Area total: 283,560 sq km


land: 276,840 sq km


water: 6,720 sq km


note: includes Galapagos Islands
total:
25,333 sq km

land:
24,856 sq km

water:
477 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Nevada slightly larger than Vermont
Background What is now Ecuador formed part of the northern Inca Empire until the Spanish conquest in 1533. Quito became a seat of Spanish colonial government in 1563 and part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1717. The territories of the Viceroyalty - New Granada (Colombia), Venezuela, and Quito - gained their independence by 1819 and formed a federation known as Gran Colombia. When Quito withdrew in 1830, the traditional name was changed in favor of the "Republic of the Equator." Between 1904 and 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of conflicts with its neighbors. A border war with Peru that flared in 1995 was resolved in 1999. Although Ecuador marked 25 years of civilian governance in 2004, the period has been marred by political instability. Seven presidents have governed Ecuador since 1996. International recognition of The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia's (FYROM) independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 was delayed by Greece's objection to the new state's use of what it considered a Hellenic name and symbols. Greece finally lifted its trade blockade in 1995, and the two countries agreed to normalize relations, despite continued disagreement over FYROM's use of "Macedonia." FYROM's large Albanian minority and the de facto independence of neighboring Kosovo continue to be sources of ethnic tension.
Birth rate 22.29 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) 13.5 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $8.822 billion


expenditures: planned $8.153 billion; including capital expenditures of $1.6 billion (2005 est.)
revenues:
$1.06 billion

expenditures:
$1 billion, including capital expenditures of $107 million (1996 est.)
Capital name: Quito


geographic coordinates: 0 13 S, 78 30 W


time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Skopje
Climate tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands warm, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall
Coastline 2,237 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 10 August 1998 adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991

note:
Democratic Party for Albanians (DPA), which is now a member party of the government, is calling for a rewrite of the constitution to declare ethnic Albanians a constituent national group and allow for greater regional autonomy
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Ecuador


conventional short form: Ecuador


local long form: Republica del Ecuador


local short form: Ecuador
conventional long form:
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

conventional short form:
none

local long form:
Republika Makedonija

local short form:
Makedonija

abbreviation:
FYROM
Currency - Macedonian denar (MKD)
Death rate 4.23 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) 7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $18.09 billion (2005 est.) $1.4 billion (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Linda L. JEWELL


embassy: Avenida 12 de Octubre y Avenida Patria, Quito


mailing address: APO AA 34039


telephone: [593] (2) 256-2890


FAX: [593] (2) 250-2052


consulate(s) general: Guayaquil
chief of mission:
Ambassador Michael M. EINIK

embassy:
Bul. Ilinden bb, 91000 Skopje

mailing address:
American Embassy Skopje, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7120 (pouch)

telephone:
[389] (91) 116-180

FAX:
[389] (91) 117-103
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Luis Benigno GALLEGOS Chiriboga


chancery: 2535 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 234-7200


FAX: [1] (202) 667-3482


consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Jersey City (New Jersey), Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, Washington, DC
chief of mission:
Ambassador Ljubica Z. ACEVSKA

chancery:
3050 K Street, NW, Suite 210, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 337 3063

FAX:
[1] (202) 337-3093

consulate(s) general:
New York
Disputes - international organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia penetrate across Ecuador's shared border and caused over 20,000 refugees to flee into Ecuador in 2004 dispute with Greece over its name; February 2001 agreement with Yugoslavia settled alignment of boundary, stipulating implementation within two years
Economic aid - recipient $216 million (2002) $100 million from the EU (2000)
Economy - overview Ecuador has substantial petroleum resources, which have accounted for 40% of the country's export earnings and one-third of central government budget revenues in recent years. Consequently, fluctuations in world market prices can have a substantial domestic impact. In the late 1990s, Ecuador suffered its worst economic crisis, with natural disasters and sharp declines in world petroleum prices driving Ecuador's economy into free fall in 1999. Real GDP contracted by more than 6%, with poverty worsening significantly. The banking system also collapsed, and Ecuador defaulted on its external debt later that year. The currency depreciated by some 70% in 1999, and, on the brink of hyperinflation, the MAHAUD government announced it would dollarize the economy. A coup, however, ousted MAHAUD from office in January 2000, and after a short-lived junta failed to garner military support, Vice President Gustavo NOBOA took over the presidency. In March 2000, Congress approved a series of structural reforms that also provided the framework for the adoption of the US dollar as legal tender. Dollarization stabilized the economy, and growth returned to its pre-crisis levels in the years that followed. Under the administration of Lucio GUTIERREZ - January 2003 to April 2005 - Ecuador benefited from higher world petroleum prices. However, the government under Alfredo PALACIO has reversed economic reforms that reduced Ecuador's vulnerability to petroleum price swings and financial crises, allowing the central government greater access to oil windfalls and disbursing surplus retirement funds. At independence in November 1991, Macedonia was the least developed of the Yugoslav republics, producing a mere 5% of the total federal output of goods and services. The collapse of Yugoslavia ended transfer payments from the center and eliminated advantages from inclusion in a de facto free trade area. An absence of infrastructure, UN sanctions on its largest market Yugoslavia, and a Greek economic embargo hindered economic growth until 1996. GDP has subsequently increased each year, rising by 5% in 2000. Successful privatization in 2000 boosted the country's reserves to over $700 million. Also, the leadership demonstrated a continuing commitment to economic reform, free trade, and regional integration. Inflation jumped to 11% in 2000, largely due to higher oil prices.
Electricity - consumption 10.55 billion kWh (2003) 5.992 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 65 million kWh (2003) 30 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 140 million kWh (2003) 75 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 11.27 billion kWh (2003) 6.395 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
82.25%

hydro:
17.75%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Chimborazo 6,267 m
lowest point:
Vardar River 50 m

highest point:
Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,753 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution; pollution from oil production wastes in ecologically sensitive areas of the Amazon Basin and Galapagos Islands air pollution from metallurgical plants
Environment - international agreements party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 65%, Amerindian 25%, Spanish and others 7%, black 3% Macedonian 66.6%, Albanian 22.7%, Turkish 4%, Roma 2.2%, Serb 2.1%, other 2.4% (1994)
Exchange rates 25,000 (2005), 25,000 (2004), 25,000 (2003), 25,000 (2002), 25,000 (2001) Macedonian denars per US dollar - 64.757 (January 2001), 65.904 (2000), 56.902 (1999), 54.462 (1998), 50.004 (1997), 39.981 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Alfredo PALACIO (since 20 April 2005); Vice President Nicanor Alejandro SERRANO Aguilar (since 5 May 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; former President Lucio GUTIERREZ was removed from office by congress effective 20 April 2005


head of government: President Alfredo PALACIO (since 20 April 2005); Vice President Nicanor Alejandro SERRANO Aguilar (since 5 May 2005)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president


elections: the president and vice president are elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a four-year term (may not serve consecutive terms); election last held 15 October 2006 with a runoff election scheduled for 26 November 2006 (next to be held October 2010)


election results: results of the 15 October 2006 election; percent of vote - Alvaro NOBOA 26.8%; Rafael CORREA 22.8%; Gilmar GUTIERREZ 17.4%; Leon ROLDOS Aguilera 14.8%; Cynthia VITERI 9.6%; note - a runoff election will be held 26 November 2006 between NOBOA and CORREA
chief of state:
President Boris TRAJKOVSKI (since 15 December 1999)

head of government:
Prime Minister Ljubco GEORGIEVSKI (since 30 November 1998)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers elected by the majority vote of all the deputies in the Assembly; note - current cabinet formed by the government coalition parties VMRO-DPMNE, LDP, and DPA

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 November 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004); prime minister elected by parliament; election last held NA November 1998 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
Boris TRAJKOVSKI elected president on second-round ballot; percent of vote - Boris TRAJKOVSKI 52.4%, Tito PETKOVSKI 46.2%
Exports 387,000 bbl/day (2004 est.) $1.4 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities petroleum, bananas, cut flowers, shrimp food, beverages, tobacco; miscellaneous manufactures, iron and steel
Exports - partners US 51.1%, Peru 8%, Germany 4.4%, Colombia 4.3% (2005) Germany 22%, Yugoslavia 22%, US 12%, Greece 7%, Italy 6% (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double width), blue, and red with the coat of arms superimposed at the center of the flag; similar to the flag of Colombia, which is shorter and does not bear a coat of arms a rising yellow sun with eight rays extending to the edges of the red field
GDP - purchasing power parity - $9 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 7%


industry: 31.2%


services: 61.8% (2005 est.)
agriculture:
12%

industry:
25%

services:
63% (2000)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $4,400 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4.7% (2005 est.) 5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 2 00 S, 77 30 W 41 50 N, 22 00 E
Geography - note Cotopaxi in Andes is highest active volcano in world landlocked; major transportation corridor from Western and Central Europe to Aegean Sea and Southern Europe to Western Europe
Heliports 1 (2006) -
Highways - total:
8,684 km

paved:
5,540 km (including 133 km of expressways)

unpaved:
3,144 km (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2%


highest 10%: 32%


note: data for urban households only (October 2003)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs significant transit country for cocaine originating in Colombia and Peru; importer of precursor chemicals used in production of illicit narcotics; attractive location for cash-placement by drug traffickers laundering money because of dollarization and weak anti-money-laundering regime; increased activity on the northern frontier by trafficking groups and Colombian insurgents increasing transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe
Imports NA bbl/day $2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities vehicles, medicinal products, telecommunications equipment, electricity machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels; food products
Imports - partners US 22.3%, Colombia 14.9%, Venezuela 7.8%, Brazil 6%, China 5.3% (2005) Germany 13%, Ukraine 13%, Russia 10%, Yugoslavia 8%, Greece 8% (2000)
Independence 24 May 1822 (from Spain) 17 September 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
Industrial production growth rate 2.1% (2005 est.) 3% (2000)
Industries petroleum, food processing, textiles, wood products, chemicals coal, metallic chromium, lead, zinc, ferronickel, textiles, wood products, tobacco
Infant mortality rate total: 22.87 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 27.42 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 18.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
12.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.1% (2005 est.) 11% (2000 est.)
International organization participation CAN, CSN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO ACCT (associate), BIS, CCC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 6 (2000)
Irrigated land 8,650 sq km (2003) 830 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (according to the Constitution, new justices are elected by the full Supreme Court; in December 2004, however, Congress successfully replaced the entire court via a simple-majority resolution) Constitutional Court; Judicial Court of the Republic; judges for both courts are elected by the Judicial Council
Labor force 4.6 million (urban) (2005 est.) 1 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 8%


industry: 24%


services: 68% (2001)
agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries total: 2,010 km


border countries: Colombia 590 km, Peru 1,420 km
total:
748 km

border countries:
Albania 151 km, Bulgaria 148 km, Greece 228 km, Yugoslavia 221 km
Land use arable land: 5.71%


permanent crops: 4.81%


other: 89.48% (2005)
arable land:
24%

permanent crops:
2%

permanent pastures:
25%

forests and woodland:
39%

other:
10% (1993 est.)
Languages Spanish (official), Amerindian languages (especially Quechua) Macedonian 70%, Albanian 21%, Turkish 3%, Serbo-Croatian 3%, other 3%
Legal system based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts
Legislative branch unicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (100 seats; members are popularly elected by province to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 20 October 2002 (next to be held October 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PSC 25, ID 16, PRE 15, PRIAN 10, PSP 9, Pachakutik Movement 6, MPD 5, DP 4, PS-FA 3, independents 7; note - defections by members of National Congress are commonplace, resulting in frequent changes in the numbers of seats held by the various parties
unicameral Assembly or Sobranje (120 seats - 85 members are elected by popular vote, 35 members come from lists of candidates submitted by parties based on the percentage that parties gain from the overall vote; all serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 18 October and 1 November 1998 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - VMRO-DPMNE 43, SDSM 27, PDP 14, DA 13, DPA 11, VMRO-VMRO 6, LDP 4, SP 1, Roma Party 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 76.42 years


male: 73.55 years


female: 79.43 years (2006 est.)
total population:
74.02 years

male:
71.79 years

female:
76.43 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 92.5%


male: 94%


female: 91% (2003 est.)
definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru Southeastern Europe, north of Greece
Map references South America Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 200 nm


continental shelf: 100 nm from 2,500 meter isobath
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total: 31 ships (1000 GRT or over) 184,819 GRT/300,339 DWT


by type: chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas 1, passenger 7, petroleum tanker 21, specialized tanker 1


foreign-owned: 2 (Norway 1, Paraguay 1)


registered in other countries: 1 (Georgia 1) (2006)
-
Military branches Army, Navy (includes naval infantry, naval aviation, coast guard), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Ecuatoriana, FAE) Army (includes Air and Air Defense Forces), Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $650 million (2005 est.) $76.3 million (FY00/01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2% (2005 est.) 2.17% (FY00/01)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
548,183 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
442,053 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 19 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
17,905 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day (independence of Quito), 10 August (1809) Uprising Day, 2 August (1903)
Nationality noun: Ecuadorian(s)


adjective: Ecuadorian
noun:
Macedonian(s)

adjective:
Macedonian
Natural hazards frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity; floods; periodic droughts high seismic risks
Natural resources petroleum, fish, timber, hydropower chromium, lead, zinc, manganese, tungsten, nickel, low-grade iron ore, asbestos, sulfur, timber, arable land
Net migration rate -3.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) -1.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines extra heavy crude 578 km; gas 71 km; oil 1,386 km; refined products 1,185 km (2006) 10 km
Political parties and leaders Concentration of Popular Forces or CFP [Averroes BUCARAM]; Democratic Left or ID [Guillermo LANDAZURI]; National Action Institutional Renewal Party or PRIAN [Alvaro NOBOA]; Pachakutik Movement [Gilberto TALAHUA]; Patriotic Society Party or PSP [Lucio GUTIERREZ Borbua]; Popular Democracy or DP [Dr. Juan Manuel FUERTES]; Popular Democratic Movement or MPD [Gustavo TERAN Acosta]; Radical Alfarista Front or FRA [Fabian ALARCON, director]; Roldosist Party or PRE [Abdala BUCARAM Ortiz, director]; Social Christian Party or PSC [Leon FEBRES CORDERO]; Socialist Party - Broad Front or PS-FA [Victor GRANDA] Democratic Alternative or DA [Vasil TUPURKOVSKI, president]; Democratic Party for Albanians or DPA [Arben XHAFERI, president]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Ljubcho GEORGIEVSKI, president]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization-True Macedonian Reform Option or VMRO-VMRO [Boris STOJMANOV]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Risto GUSTERVO]; Party for Democratic Prosperity or PDP [Imeri IMERI, president]; Social-Democratic Alliance of Macedonia or SDSM (former Communist Party) [Branko CRVENKOVSKI, president]; Socialist Party of Macedonia or SP [Ljubisav IVANOV, president]; Union of Romanies of Macedonia or SRM [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador or CONAIE [Luis MACAS, president]; Coordinator of Social Movements or CMS [F. Napoleon SANTOS]; Federation of Indigenous Evangelists of Ecuador or FEINE [Marco MURILLO, president]; National Federation of Indigenous Afro-Ecuatorianos and Peasants or FENOCIN [Pedro DE LA CRUZ, president] NA
Population 13,547,510 (July 2006 est.) 2,046,209 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 41% (2003) 25% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 1.5% (2006 est.) 0.43% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - none
Radio broadcast stations AM 392, FM 35, shortwave 29 (2001) AM 29, FM 20, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 410,000 (1997)
Railways total: 966 km


narrow gauge: 966 km 1.067-m gauge (2005)
total:
699 km

standard gauge:
699 km 1.435-m gauge (233 km electrified)

note:
a 56-km extension of the Kumanovo-Beljakovci line to the Bulgarian border at Gyveshevo is under construction (2001)
Religions Roman Catholic 95%, other 5% Macedonian Orthodox 67%, Muslim 30%, other 3%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
at birth:
1.08 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.08 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.8 male(s)/female

total population:
1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal, compulsory for literate persons ages 18-65, optional for other eligible voters 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: generally elementary but being expanded


domestic: facilities generally inadequate and unreliable


international: country code - 593; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
NA
Telephones - main lines in use 1,701,500 (2005) 408,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 6.246 million (2005) 12,362 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 7 (plus 14 repeaters) (2001) 31 (plus 166 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente) mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River
Total fertility rate 2.68 children born/woman (2006 est.) 1.79 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 10.7% official rate; but underemployment of 47% (2005 est.) 32% (2000)
Waterways 1,500 km (most inaccessible) (2005) note:
lake transport only, on the Greek and Albanian borders
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